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<title>Repairability</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Repairability</span></span>

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<p><b>Repairability</b> is a measure of the degree to and ease with which a product can be repaired and maintained, usually by end consumers. Repairable products are put in contrast to <a href="Obsolescence" title="Obsolescence">obsolescence</a> or products designed with <a href="Planned_obsolescence" title="Planned obsolescence">planned obsolescence</a>.

</p><p>Some private organizations and companies, mostly affiliated with the <a href="Right_to_repair" title="Right to repair">right to repair movement</a>, assign repairability scores to products as a way of communicating to consumers how easily repairable the product is.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="French_repairability_index">French repairability index</h2></div>

<p>Since 2021, some smartphones, laptops, televisions, washing machines, lawnmowers and other electronic devices sold in <a href="France" title="France">France</a> have been required to report a <i>repairability index</i> (<a href="French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Indice de réparabilité</i>) which rates how repairable a product is on a scale from 0 to 10, primarily to prevent corporate <a href="Greenwashing" title="Greenwashing">greenwashing</a> and encourage environmental transparency.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Products are evaluated on 5 key areas: documentation, disassembly, spare parts availability, spare part pricing, and product specifics. The French scorecard took inspiration from iFixit's scorecards and intends to expand its efforts to rate overall <a href="Durability" title="Durability">durability</a> in addition to repairability.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Limitations">Limitations</h3></div>

<p>The repairability index scoring process is not bulletproof, though—manufacturers currently self-report their indices to regulatory bodies with little to no government oversight ensuring the index was properly calculated.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, smartphone and laptop manufacturers can obtain an extra point on the index just by providing consumers with information regarding security or <a href="Software_Updates" class="mw-redirect" title="Software Updates">software updates</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Effects">Effects</h3></div>

<p>Since France's recently enacted legislation requiring repairability indices, some positive effects have materialized. For instance, <a href="Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a> now offers consumers a free online repair manual for its <a href="Galaxy_S21%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxy S21+">Galaxy S21+</a> in an attempt to boost its repairability index.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The enforcement of French repairability index laws pushed Samsung to release this manual, something consumers had been requesting for a long time; in contrast, there is no <a href="English_language" title="English language">English</a> repair manual for American consumers, as U.S. legislation doesn't incentivize Samsung to release such a manual.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This French legislation has applied pressure to tech corporations to increase the repairability of their products and transition to a far more <a href="Circular_economy" title="Circular economy">circular economy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_Score">Notable Score</h3></div>

<p>At launch, the average repairability score has hovered around 5.4 out of 10.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple's</a> <a href="IPhone_12" title="IPhone 12">iPhone 12</a> models scored a 6.0 and its <a href="IPhone_11" title="IPhone 11">iPhone 11</a> models scored a 4.5 out of 10 on the repairability index scale; the 2021 <a href="MacBook_Air" title="MacBook Air">MacBook Air</a> scored a 6.5 and the 2021 <a href="MacBook_Pro" title="MacBook Pro">MacBook Pro</a> scored a 5.6 on the scale.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google's <a href="Pixel_4a" title="Pixel 4a">Pixel 4a</a> scored a 6.3.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="Availability" title="Availability">Availability</a></li>

<li><a href="Circular_economy" title="Circular economy">Circular economy</a></li>

<li><a href="Design_life" title="Design life">Design life</a></li>

<li><a href="Electronic_waste" title="Electronic waste">Electronic waste</a></li>

<li><a href="Interchangeable_parts" title="Interchangeable parts">Interchangeable parts</a></li>

<li><a href="Maintainability" title="Maintainability">Maintainability</a></li>

<li><a href="Product_life" class="mw-redirect" title="Product life">Product life</a></li>

<li><a href="Repairable_component" title="Repairable component">Repairable component</a></li>

<li><a href="Service_life" title="Service life">Service life</a></li>

<li><a href="Throwaway_society" class="mw-redirect" title="Throwaway society">Throwaway society</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repair.eu/news/the-french-repair-index-challenges-and-opportunities/">"The French repair index: challenges and opportunities"</a>. <i>repair.eu</i>. 3 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStone2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Stone, Maddie (February 20, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/story/frances-new-tech-repairability-index-is-a-big-deal/">"Why France's New Tech 'Repairability Index' Is a Big Deal"</a>. <i>Wired</i>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028">1059-1028</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-26</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPurdy2021" class="citation web cs1">Purdy, Kevin (March 1, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ifixit.com/News/49158/france-gave-apple-some-repairability-homework-lets-grade-it">"Apple Is Using France's New Repairability Scoring—Here's How It Works | iFixit News"</a>. <i>iFixit</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-04-22</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/surface/repairability-index-for-france-8aa5a99c-b562-4260-811c-0589362ae161">Repairability index page</a> for <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li></ul>

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<li><a href="Paint_recycling" title="Paint recycling">Paint</a></li>

<li><a href="Ship_disposal" title="Ship disposal">Ships</a></li>

<li><a href="Textile_recycling" title="Textile recycling">Textiles</a></li>

<li><a href="Tire_recycling" title="Tire recycling">Tires</a></li>

<li><a href="Vehicle_recycling" title="Vehicle recycling">Vehicles</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Apparatus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Blue_box_recycling_system" title="Blue box recycling system">Blue boxes</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_codes" title="Recycling codes">Codes</a></li>

<li><a href="Kerbside_collection" title="Kerbside collection">Collection</a></li>

<li><a href="Materials_recovery_facility" title="Materials recovery facility">Materials recovery facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_sorting" title="Waste sorting">Waste sorting</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Recycling_rates_by_country" title="Recycling rates by country">Rate by country</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_Australia" title="Recycling in Australia">Australia</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_Brazil" title="Recycling in Brazil">Brazil</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_Canada" title="Recycling in Canada">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Recycling in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_Israel" title="Recycling in Israel">Israel</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_Japan" title="Recycling in Japan">Japan</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_Malaysia" title="Recycling in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_Mongolia" title="Recycling in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_the_Netherlands" title="Recycling in the Netherlands">The Netherlands</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_management_in_Switzerland#Recycling" title="Waste management in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_Taiwan" title="Recycling in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Recycling in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>

<ul><li><a href="Recycling_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Recycling in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_in_the_United_States" title="Recycling in the United States">United States</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Circular_economy" title="Circular economy">Circular economy</a></li>

<li><a href="Dematerialization_(products)" title="Dematerialization (products)">Dematerialization</a></li>

<li><a href="Downcycling" title="Downcycling">Downcycling</a></li>

<li><a href="Durable_good" title="Durable good">Durable good</a></li>

<li><a href="Eco-industrial_park" title="Eco-industrial park">Eco-industrial park</a></li>

<li><a href="Ecological_design" title="Ecological design">Ecological design</a></li>

<li><a href="Extended_producer_responsibility" title="Extended producer responsibility">Extended producer responsibility</a></li>

<li><a href="Green_economy" title="Green economy">Green economy</a></li>

<li><a href="Industrial_ecology" title="Industrial ecology">Industrial ecology</a></li>

<li><a href="Industrial_metabolism" title="Industrial metabolism">Industrial metabolism</a></li>

<li><a href="Interchangeable_parts" title="Interchangeable parts">Interchangeable parts</a></li>

<li><a href="Land_recycling" title="Land recycling">Land recycling</a></li>

<li><a href="Material_flow_analysis" title="Material flow analysis">Material flow analysis</a></li>

<li><a href="Precycling" title="Precycling">Precycling</a></li>

<li><a href="Product_stewardship" title="Product stewardship">Product stewardship</a></li>

<li><a href="Nutrient_cycle" title="Nutrient cycle">Recycling (ecological)</a></li>

<li><a href="Refill_(campaign)" title="Refill (campaign)">Refill (campaign)</a></li>

<li><a href="Resource_recovery" title="Resource recovery">Resource recovery</a></li>

<li><a href="Reusable_packaging" title="Reusable packaging">Reusable packaging</a></li>

<li><a href="Reuse_of_bottles" title="Reuse of bottles">Reuse of bottles</a></li>

<li><a href="Reuse_of_human_excreta" title="Reuse of human excreta">Reuse of human excreta</a></li>

<li><a href="Repurposing" title="Repurposing">Repurposing</a></li>

<li><a href="Reuse" title="Reuse">Reuse</a></li>

<li><a href="Right_to_repair" title="Right to repair">Right to repair</a></li>

<li><a href="Recycling_symbol" title="Recycling symbol">Symbol</a> (<a href="Green_Dot_(symbol)" title="Green Dot (symbol)">Green Dot</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Upcycling" title="Upcycling">Upcycling</a></li>

<li><a href="Dumpster_diving" title="Dumpster diving">Urban lumberjacking</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_hierarchy" title="Waste hierarchy">Waste hierarchy</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_minimisation" title="Waste minimisation">Waste minimisation</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_picker" title="Waste picker">Waste picking</a></li>

<li><a href="Wishcycling" title="Wishcycling">Wishcycling</a></li>

<li><a href="Zero_waste" title="Zero waste">Zero waste</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bottle_cutting" title="Bottle cutting">Bottle cutting</a></li>

<li><a href="Cogeneration" title="Cogeneration">Cogeneration</a></li>

<li><a href="Compost" title="Compost">Composting</a></li>

<li><a href="Container-deposit_legislation" title="Container-deposit legislation">Container-deposit legislation</a></li>

<li><a href="Dumpster_diving" title="Dumpster diving">Dumpster diving</a></li>

<li><a href="Ethical_consumerism" title="Ethical consumerism">Ethical consumerism</a></li>

<li><a href="Freeganism" title="Freeganism">Freeganism</a></li>

<li><a href="Pallet_crafts" title="Pallet crafts">Pallet crafts</a></li>

<li><a href="Reverse_vending_machine" title="Reverse vending machine">Reverse vending machine</a></li>

<li><a href="Simple_living" title="Simple living">Simple living</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste" title="Waste">Waste</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste-to-energy" title="Waste-to-energy">Waste-to-energy</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_collection" title="Waste collection">Waste collection</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_management_law" title="Waste management law">Waste management law</a></li>

<li><a href="Waste_management" title="Waste management">Waste management</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_heat_recycling" title="Water heat recycling">Water heat recycling</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_recycling_shower" title="Water recycling shower">Water recycling shower</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> <a href="Portal%3AEnvironment" title="Portal:Environment">Environment portal</a></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category

<ul><li>by country</li>

<li>by material</li>

<li>by product</li>

<li>organizations</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Index_of_recycling_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of recycling articles">Index</a></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Recycling" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Recycling">Commons</a></b></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-18" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Repairability&oldid=1301176283">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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